Some authors are of the opinion that ion species have the most important role in plasma–cell interactions by triggering intracellular biochemistry. Nevertheless, there is still some controversy with respect to the mechanism of plasma-cell interaction. Consequently, the generation of a moderate flux of peroxynitrite over long periods of time would result in substantial oxidation and potential destruction of host cellular components leading to a deregulation of critical cellular processes, disruption of cell signaling pathways, and induction of the cell death through both apoptosis and necrosis. radicals and NO+ ions by the discharge of plasma are at the gas-liquid interface and in the liquid.According to Lukes et al, the formation of NO2 ![]() Peroxynitrite is a powerful oxidant and nitrating agent that is known to be a much more damaging to the cells than NO or superoxide, because cells readily remove superoxide and NO to reduce their harmful effects, while fail to neutralize peroxynitrite. According to Pacher and co-workers, NO and superoxide (O 2 –) can easily form peroxynitrite (ONOO –) once they collide or even locate within a few cell diameters of each other. It is well-known that NO is an omnipresent intercellular messenger in all vertebrates, modulating blood flow, thrombosis, neuronal activity, immune response, inflammation, and plays a critical role in tumorigenesis by modulating the apoptotic machinery. -are the main components of the cold plasma jet that provides for therapeutic effects, not only with cancer, but also with biological disinfection, viral destruction and wound healing.Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) has been extensively studied in the treatment of cancer, with the goal of maximizing tumor cell death and minimizing the therapy’s effect to healthy tissue. Recent progress in atmospheric plasmas has led to the creation of cold plasmas with ion temperature close to room temperature. Plasma is an ionized gas that is typically generated in high-temperature laboratory conditions. The funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Ĭompeting interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are creditedĭata Availability: All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.įunding: Support was provided by a Katzen Research Grant ( ). Received: SeptemAccepted: JanuPublished: March 24, 2015Ĭopyright: © 2015 Recek et al. PLoS ONE 10(3):Īcademic Editor: Etienne Dague, LAAS-CNRS, FRANCE (2015) Effect of Cold Plasma on Glial Cell Morphology Studied by Atomic Force Microscopy. The brush layer disappears from the cell membrane surface of normal E6/E7 cells and is maintained in the glioblastoma U87 cells after plasma treatment.Ĭitation: Recek N, Cheng X, Keidar M, Cvelbar U, Vesel A, Mozetic M, et al. brush layers, different in normal human astrocytes as compared to glioblastoma cells. Our data, obtained for the first time on these cells using atomic force microscopy, argue for an architectural feature on the cell membrane, i.e. We report the differences between normal human astrocytes and human glioblastoma cells by considering the membrane surface details. To look more closely at the effect of plasma on cell membrane, high resolution imaging was used. ![]() Using AFM we imaged morphology of glial cells before and after cold atmospheric plasma treatment. Following treatment with cold atmospheric plasma, evaluation of the selective effect of plasma on cell viability of tumor cells is poorly understood and requires further evaluation. The morphological characteristics and differences of the cell membrane between normal human astrocytes and glial tumor cells are not well explored. Add your custom programming using Igor's powerful built-in language to automate your data analysis in new and exciting ways.The atomic force microscope (AFM) is broadly used to study the morphology of cells. Import data in many formats or acquire data from hardware devices Includes a powerful suite of image processing operations for image filtering, manipulation, and quantification. Take advantage of a wide range of scientific and engineering analysis and graphing capabilitiesĬomprehensive statistics and curve fitting for data analysis Visualize your data with scientific journal-quality graphs ![]() Quickly analyze and graph large data sets Igor Pro is a fully interactive software environment where you can experiment with your scientific and engineering data AND produce publication-quality graphs and graphics. Wide-Angle Neutron Spin Echo Spectroscopy.
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